90 APPENDIX C: GLOSSARY This section of the Avenue Instructor Standards lists and defines terms within the standards that have special significance for instructors using Avenue or otherwise engaging in technologyenhanced language learning (TELL). We do not include terms that are common in non-technical English or those that relate to general teaching concepts (e.g., rubric) except when we feel their interpretation in the TELL context might need clarification. The terms blended learning and online learning are used deliberately throughout the standards documents to indicate all combinations of online delivery in face-to-face, hybrid, HyFlex and remote situations. We encourage service providers to localize these definitions—with input from their staff—to their own contexts as it suits their needs. Note. Some item definitions here have been adopted or adapted from TESOL (2008), TESOL Technology Standards Framework. Alexandria, VA: TESOL Publications, under that document’s CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. Also, we may use specific familiar product names in definitions to enhance their clarity. This does not represent an endorsement of that product. Term Definition Accessibility A quality of a website or app that makes it usable for those with disabilities. Accommodation An adjustment of the learning environment or expectations that allows a person with a disability to participate satisfactorily in a course, for example, by providing accessibility functions, alternative formats, or additional time on assignments or assessments. Application/App A software program designed for a specific purpose: for example, email, texting, web browsing, word processing, gaming, or playing audio/video. Artificial intelligence/AI Computer programs that use large datasets and learn from experience to perform human-like tasks, such as face recognition. See generative AI below for productive uses for language teaching and learning. Asynchronous Interactions that occur with time delays between the two sides. For example, an instructor records a lesson for an online class and learners watch it later to complete a homework assignment. Email is a common example of asynchronous communication. Autonomy Self-motivation, direction, and regulation to support independence in learning. Avenue.ca A rich, online Moodle-based platform providing webinars, resources, a learning management system, and collaboration and discussion opportunities for teachers and learners in the English and French-Canadian settlement language sector. Bandwidth The amount of data that can come to and from a device connected to a wired, wi-fi, or cellular data network. More bandwidth is needed for streaming videos and less for texts. Blended A course involving a combination of face-to-face and online instruction or learning, also called hybrid. Bluetooth A form of wireless connection from a computer, tablet, or smartphone to nearby devices such as earbuds or headsets, smartwatches, digital assistants like Alexa and Siri, and other devices. CC-BY-NC-SA 2025 New Language Solutions Avenue Instructor Standards for Technology-Enhanced Language Learning, version 1.2
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