92 Term Definition Embedded AI AI components seamlessly and invisibly incorporated into a variety of apps, including browsers and word-processors. Emergency remote teaching/ERT)= A sudden shift from classroom or blended to fully online teaching due to circumstances that do not allow gathering in physical classrooms, as happened in spring 2020 during the COVID-19 crisis. Fair dealing Respecting ownership of intellectual property. Formative feedback/ formative assessment Ongoing evaluation of language learning progress, ideally helping learners understand what they need to know or do better. Forum A form of asynchronous online communication used for maintaining extensive discussions, also known as a discussion board. Foundational tool A general application that is often present on a device when purchased and that is used to perform common tasks; examples include word processors, email apps, and web browsers. Fraudulent websites Websites that appear authentic to a user but provide misinformation or attempt to get the user to disclose private information or send money. Generative AI/GenAI A program that draws from very large amounts of language data (datasets), generally collected from the web, to create human-like responses to prompts. The results can be text, audio, video, or images. HyFlex A form of synchronous instruction that brings students who are online and those in a physical classroom with the instructor together simultaneously. Identifiers Discrete pieces of information that are associated with a specific person and can help determine who that person is. Identifiers may include name, ID, birthdate, and other personal information. Identity The sense of self and group awareness that a person has; most people have complex identities made up of several different aspects. Inclusive Giving a sense of belonging to the group; learning activities designed to help learners feel that they belong. Learner fit At the appropriate level, in the appropriate medium or mode to be of best use to an individual student. Learning management system/LMS A program that includes a store of teaching and learning resources, a way of organizing and finding those resources, and a way to store information about users. Many include enrollment, attendance, and grade data for learners. Leverage Use technology in a way that creates additional opportunities. Libel Lying publicly about an individual in a way that harms that individual. Mashups Multimodal creations that may include text, audio, video and other media, often created for social media. Multimodal Communication that provides more than one form to present information, often allowing for richer interpretation or to aid comprehension: captioning on a video, text and graphics, graphics and audio, etc. Networks Systems like the Internet, wi-fi, and cellular data, that allow devices to connect with one another or to resources on the cloud. Operating system The program within a device like a computer or smartphone that includes both automated and user-controlled settings, such as making network connections, setting volume and display brightness, organizing apps, and so on; for example, smartphones typically use either the Android operating system for android phones or iOS for iPhones. CC-BY-NC-SA 2025 New Language Solutions Avenue Instructor Standards for Technology-Enhanced Language Learning, version 1.2
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